Adolescence Sex in Malaysia

Sex was a no-no subject in Malaysian family. The perfect culture of Malaysian particularly the Malays is to have their little youngsters to rehearse forbearance and to decline themselves from sex until marriage. Wantonness and prostitution is frequently depicted as mores to the way of life. In any case, globalization has made the general public presented to the outside world and the world is confronting the unavoidable worldwide augmentation in puberty sex. The subject ‘sex’ itself has become an anomie among the youths. The profoundly sexualized world and the physical and mental changes the young people are experiencing make up the push and pull factors tricking the youths into sex. The rate at which youngsters are drawing in themselves in sexual connections is expanding at a disturbing rate. Regardless of whether as a demonstration of insubordination to social and strict standards or even their folks; revelation and investigating of one’s body and sexuality; looking for delight for comfort; sexual violations; sexual action among youngsters and ladies in Malaysia is a reality and part of today’s genuine culture. The Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health 2003 revealed by the National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) demonstrate that 27 percent of teenagers (young men and young lady) drawing in with the pre-marriage sex. Youngsters have been found to effectively searching for sex laborers for their first sex understanding and individual as ahead of schedule as nine years of age. Most indiscrimination and prostitution included pre-adulthood from 15 to 17 years old. All things considered, young people matured 12 to 14 years of age likewise associated with a similar movement with the segment of 13. percent (Harlina Halizah Siraj and Noralina Omar, 2007). The most current examination, called the National Survey on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights of Women in Malaysia held in 2006, had surveyed in excess of 2,000 female young people matured 15 to 24 years across nine states. It was dispatched by the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development Ministry, and did by specialists in Universiti Malaya. â€Å"Out of the 2,005 young ladies studied, somewhat more than 100 confessed to being explicitly dynamic. Of that number, one-fifth said they engaged in sexual relations in excess of five times each week, and 57 percent had intercourse two to four times each week. †(New Straits Times, 2009) The Consequences Sexual relationship to some immature is exceptionally â€Å"commoditized† and has no enthusiastic closeness. Young people likewise include in homo-sexual and bi-sexual connections. Is all the more harming that immaturity sex is all the time discovered related with medications and liquor. Sexual wrongdoings and misuses including youthful are likewise announced at high rate. 63 percent of assault casualty and 9. percent of the attacker are youths. The ascent in immaturity sex likewise contributed an excessive number of undesirable pregnancies, babies dumping and premature births. Revealed by one of the asylum homes in Klang Valley, 61. 3 percent of the pre-adulthood sex case brought about undesirable pregnancies (Harlina Halizah Siraj and Noralina Omar, 2007). These will pr ompt different wrongdoings, for example, burglary, theft or even homicide because of weights in live because of destitution and life endurance. Additionally, the pace of STDs and STIs (Sexual Transmitted Diseases/Infections) among immature are shockingly expanding. Aside from that, we have likewise found out about pre-adult ending it all subsequent from pregnancies which are not acknowledged by the family and as an answer for dodge negative social viewpoint. In spite of all that, there are additionally uplifting news about precautious information on the mechanics of sex. There are developed in quantities of youths who realize how to secure themselves, at any rate truly, from sexual hoodlums and attacker. The degree of mindfulness is additionally expanding as far as shielding themselves from STDs and undesirable pregnancies. Regardless of whether they have engaged in sexual relations, numerous young people are figuring out how to put off having more till later; they are likewise making condom use during intercourse nonnegotiable. The pace of interbreeding additionally decrease likewise because of this mindfulness and the capacity to secure themselves. Who to fault? At the point when adolescences are presented toward the western culture where pre-marriage sex is a standard by means of the media, it is sufficiently simple to accuse everything for media; TV and diversion, even the news. Pre-adult found out about the government official sex-outrages on the news and contends about the model that the eaders have appeared. For better or for more regrettable, sex-filled TV helps shape youthful supposition. Children are getting the primary subtleties of sex even in Saturday-morning kid's shows. Also the substance of the TV through ads like Durex and aromas showing suggestive positions and pictures, and furthermor e TV arrangement, for example, Gossip Girl, 90201 Beverly Hills, and The O. C. which have huge measure of sexual methodology and tragically these arrangement focused on crowds are the young people. To add affront to the injury, young people lip-synchronized frequently enough to success melodies which have the sex settled in the verse. The digital world not just gives a simple wellspring of explicitly express materials yet in addition permits inquisitive youth brains to cooperate and trade thoughts. The web made it so natural that the young people simply need to Google ‘sex’ or ‘free porn’, and they can discover huge amounts of data to sex. The print-media isn't avoided in being accused for placing substance in their magazine with features like â€Å"How to Satisfy Your Man in Bed† or â€Å"Condom or no Condom†. In May 2004 the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development mutually shaped a board of trustees as a springboard for the hotly anticipated usage of sex training in schools. Lastly in May 2005, a public statement expressed that the sex training module was practically prepared and due to be talked about in Cabinet. Be that as it may, until today, we have not heard back from the legislature or Cabinet with respect to the conversation. Government should consider this to be a major social issue which includes profound quality advancement of the resident. Government investment in beating this issue will some way or another will diminish the pace of sexual wrongdoings. Three incredible sources have molded today’s youngster wonders: a prosperous data age that undeniably advances items and engages crowds by sensation; forceful open strategy activities that boisterously lecture sexual obligation, further desensitizing children to the subject; and the decay of two-parent family units, which leave the teenagers with little management. With little direction from adults, young people have needed to find for themselves that the pervasive sexual messages must be tempered with alert and obligation. Customarily, it’s been the job of guardians to pass on the messages about adoration and closeness that children appear to be absent in their instruction about sex. For quite a long time, clinicians and sociologists have cautioned about another age hole, one made less by various ethics and social viewpoint as via vocation driven guardians, the monetary need of two earnings leaving guardian brief period for chats with their youngsters. These teenagers believe that their folks are the most precise wellspring of data and might want to converse with them progressively about sex and sexual morals yet can’t stand out enough to be noticed long enough. In addition with the pace of separation that is expanding step by step, adolescent’s thinks about that it is such an issue getting hitched, then again practice sex before marriage. Of all the blended messages that youngsters retain, the most befuddled have to do with sexual orientation jobs. The generalizations of male and female conduct have disintegrated so rapidly over the past age that guardians are at a misfortune. As indicated by the TIME/CNN survey, 60% of guardians advise their girls to stay virtuous until marriage, yet not exactly half tell their children something very similar. Children mirror the twofold norm: more than 66% concur that a kid who engages in sexual relations sees his notoriety upgraded, while a young lady who has intercourse watches h ers endure. † (TIME Magazine, 1993). Young people for the most part engage in sexual relations just wondering of companion pressure †and the web makes it simple to do as such. When numerous children hit pre-adulthood, they have just arrived at a point where they are not especially fixated on sex yet have developed to acknowledge the thought that strong romances, or if nothing else solid physical fascination †possibly lead to sex. While investigation and experimentation are a characteristic piece of the turn of events, somebody generally more seasoned, will some way or another accidentally or purposefully promising immature to get inspired by sex. For instance to that, youthful gain from the media which uncovered ‘sex-stimulants’ substance, for example, wanton famous people, intriguing TV projects and sex promotions, and it is by all accounts boiling down to more youthful and more youthful young ladies who feel that on the off chance that they don’t pair up with up with the way of life, they will have no situation in their lives. Also, that will pressure them into sexual movement. They will likewise truly attempting to copy the appearance of VIPs and grown-ups in picking what to wear and carry on with their ways of life. These days, it is progressively normal for sexuality intelligent youths to originate from cherishing and stable family. The idea of perfect family is having the option to suit all the needs and needs that the pre-adult need. These mirror the id and sense of self in the pre-adult character. At the point when id and self image has been satisfied, at that point the super-inner self in youthful personalities will drive them into the way of life of free way of life which would prompt sex. Taking everything into account, every one of these specialists of socializations associated with contributing the ascent in number of our youngsters to include in youthfulness sex. The intensity of conquering this issue likewise exists in their grasp. Sex Education In confronting the way that our youngsters are having their first sexual involvement with extremely youthful age and have a shallow comprehension of STDs and

Health care marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Social insurance showcasing - Essay Example Additionally, situating valuing procedure tries to boost the present incomes for social insurance organizations with no respect to net revenues. Evaluating in medicinal services foundations should be an inactive part with the goal that the human services administrations can be reasonable to everyone. Items and arrangements have distinctive situating techniques, which they use to cut a specialty in the market. For items, they should utilize the serious evaluating procedure to set a decent client base in the market. This procedure should target surpassing the competitors’ quality in the market. This can be accomplished through concentrating on quality preferred position and item separation. A remarkable converse, administrations industry should take an alternate procedure, which targets improving the nature of administrations offered by the specialist co-op. Such administrations utilizes synchronous rivalry that tries to build publicizing for their administrations, presenting new administrations, giving refunds and impetuses to customers and offering unique assistance advancements for their administrations. This move will help increment profitability on their administrations that will bring about lower cost and high caliber

English Language Arts Choice Board Middle School Short Stories

English Language Arts Choice Board Middle School Short Stories This resource contains three different choice boards that align with “All Summer in a Day” by Ray Bradbury, “The Fun They Had” by Isaac Asimov, and “The Most Dangerous Game” by Richard Connell. Each of the choice boards includes various multiple intelligence opportunities for students to show true knowledge through differentiated assessment. It is suggested that teachers who are using these resources pair these activities with pre-assessments that pertain to social-emotional aspects of student learning, text-dependent questions that allow students to analyze literary elements, word choice, and theme/central idea. These resources should be used as a summative assessment at the end of the reading. In preparation for state testing, teachers could also create rigorous multiple-choice/select items that pertain to each short story and blend that type of assessment with the inclusion of a choice board. For example, the assessment that the classroom teacher would give would have 2 parts: multiple-choice/select questions, then a choice board for students to further prove their knowledge of the text.

Troubles Of An Expanding Society Slavery, Language, And...

Troubles of an Expanding Society: Slavery, Language, and Imperialism In England, 1611, William Shakespeare’s romance The Tempest debuted in the city of London. England, at this time, was experiencing exploration with the founding of the New World and the strange inhabitants it provided. The timing of this play is crucial to understanding the motifs and themes presented. The English had just invaded Ireland, had not yet colonized New England, had made contact with the Indians, but had not yet experienced war with them. In this particular moment in history, England was encountering the unknown and differentiating the aspects of civilization from savagery (Takaki 1). Also, in 1609 there was a maiden voyage of roughly five hundred colonists†¦show more content†¦Slavery is one of the main themes repeated throughout the play and Shakespeare uses Caliban and Ariel to portray this. Caliban can be seen as a representation of two civilizations conquered and integrated into English society: Ireland and America. Ireland was claimed by England in 1 494 and Ireland’s population was originally viewed as savages living outside the realm of civilization. Their style of herding was almost nomadic and relied upon established tribal organizations. The English described the Irish as dominated by sloth, being barbarous in nature, and living as animals, but despite all of these discrepancies and slight resistance from the Irish, the English believed that they could civilize the unknown. English society expressed the same ideology when the frontier advanced from Ireland to the New World. The Indians seemed to lack what the English thought established civilization: cities, Christianity, clothing, letters, and swords. Colonialists also captured many Indians from America and brought them to the streets of London to parade them around for the populous to marvel at for a small fee. This is seen in The Tempest when Stephano considers, in his drunken state, to capture Caliban and bring him back to Naples saying â€Å"If I can recover hi m and keep him tame and get to Naples with him, he’s a present for any emperor that

Sin. Sin Is Everywhere Yet Nowhere At The Same Exact Time.

Sin Sin is everywhere yet nowhere at the same exact time. Sin is inevitable yet many people believe they can combat it through their faith. Without faith, sin would consume anyone in its path. Even people of strong religious beliefs will continue to sin throughout their life. As stated in Romans 3:23, â€Å"for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.† Nathanial Hawthorne’s two literary pieces Young Goodman Brown and The Minister s Black Veil highlight the struggle of human inclination to constantly hide their own sin. The two stories are different in that Goodman Brown exposes the real (sinful) faces of his peers, but in â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† Hawthorne purposely hides the face of the minister and creates the idea that†¦show more content†¦Now Goodman is thoroughly freaked out and wants to return to the village for â€Å"Faith’s† sake. Upon arriving at a ceremony, most likely a devil-worshipping cult ritual, he be gins to look around and see the entire community is there. Goodman then sees the new convert is actually his wife, Faith, and begs her to resist the devil then all of a sudden appears alone in the forest once more. Hawthorne uses a more straightforward writing style upon Goodman’s reentry into the real world to symbolize the return to reality. After Goodman’s prophecy or awakening so to speak, he has a no outlook on the overwhelming sinful nature of humans. Contrastingly enough, Father Hooper perceives sin through real experiences. The Minister s Black Veil begins with Hooper exiting his home and walking to church to preach the Sunday morning sermon. People cry out in astonishment, question his identity, forget to greet him, move about uncomfortably, and whisper upon seeing a black veil over his face (Hawthorne 1311-12). Hooper s fiancà ©e Elizabeth informs him of rumors spreading throughout the town and asks him to remove the veil, but he refuses to do so. Hooper res ponds, If I cover it for secret sin, what mortal might not do the same? (Hawthorne 1317). Edgar Allan Poe concurs with the idea of a secret sin in his criticism of Hawthorne s work. Poe attributes the veil to a need to hide remorse for a crime related to a young woman whose funeral HooperShow MoreRelatedThe Sin Within Us All. Sin Is Everywhere Yet Nowhere At1400 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sin Within Us All Sin is everywhere yet nowhere at the same exact time. Sin is inevitable yet many people believe they can combat it through their faith. Without faith, sin would consume anyone in its path. Even people of strong religious beliefs will continue to sin throughout their life. As stated in Romans 3:23, â€Å"for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.† Nathanial Hawthorne’s two literary pieces Young Goodman Brown and The Minister s Black Veil highlight the struggleRead MoreEssay The Metaphysical One in Platonic and Augustinian Thoughts2189 Words   |  9 Pagesconcept is offered in Meno in regards to the Form of Virtue: †¦what is this very thing, in which [the individual virtues] are all the same and do not differ from each other? †¦ Even if they are many and various, all of them have one and the same Form which makes them virtues. (Meno, 72c, p61.) Plato searched for not individual aspects of a concept but the exact, complete definition of it. It i s clear that he did not concern himself with the physical realities of the world but rather The RealityRead MoreThe Crusades By Dana C. Munro1967 Words   |  8 PagesMoreover, if those who set to thither lose their lives on the journey, by land or sea, or in fighting against the heathen, their sins shall be remitted in that hour; this I grant through the power of God vested in me. † However, what prompted the speech from the Pope Urban II to issue such a decree? Thomas Fuller states, though the pretenses were pious and plausible, yet no doubt, the thoughts of his holiness began where other men’s ended and he had a privy project beyond the public design. PopeRead More Flannery OConnors Short Fiction Essay examples3159 Words   |  13 Pageswriting is intrinsically esoteric, in that it contains knowledge that is hidden to all but those who have been instructed as to how and where to look for it, i.e. the initiated. Flannery OConnor is a Christian writer, and her work is message-oriented, yet she is far too brilliant a stylist to tip her hand; like all good writers, crass didacticism is abhorrent to her. Nevertheless, she achieves what no Christian writer has ever achieved: a type of writing that stands up on both literary and the religiousRead MoreMy Son Christian By Mark Carrasco Essay11672 Words   |  47 Pagesrant it is not, and as you read you will see what I mean. I fear that one cannot write a book about God and nature without sounding like a liberal. However, I believe in personal accountability. I believe in restricted government, the free market and time-honored American values. In my own life I fight for all the things that my childhood icon did; truth, justice and the American way. As a result I know that an inordinate number of you will not even finish this introduction, after making assumptionsRead MoreVoltaires Criticism of Leibniz Essay4061 Words   |  17 PagesEnlightenment, or Age of Reason, was a time of great intellectual and moral growth for humanity. In part because of the increasing effect of the Protestant Reformation, people were starting to turn to reason for the answers to lifes questions, rather than to the dogmas of the Catholic Church. Scientific inquiry became widespread and accepted as the standard for inquiring into the nature of the universe. The scientific method was developed. For the first time in the history o f art, perspective wasRead Moresecond sex Essay13771 Words   |  56 PagesPart I Part II Part III FACTS AND MYTHS DESTINY HISTORY MYTHS BOOK TWO: Part IV Part V Part VI Part VI WOMANS LIFE TODAY THE FORMATIVE YEARS SITUATION JUSTIFICATIONS TOWARD LIBERATION CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION FOR A LONG TIME I have hesitated to write a book on woman. The subject is irritating especially to women; and it is not new. Enough ink has been spilled in the quarreling over feminism, now practically over, and perhaps we should say no more about it. It is stillRead More Capitalism, Marketing, and the Insidious and Covert Co-optation of the Self6482 Words   |  26 Pageson the internet is not a recognized disorder. But Shapira (Nathan Shapira, psychiatrist at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine) said that excessive on-line use by the study participants would qualify as a disorder of impulse control, in the same category as kleptomania or compulsive shopping. In fact, he suggested the Internet problem be called Internetomania or Netomania rather than addiction (Associated Press). In a disorder of impulse control such as kleptomania or compulsive shoppingRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 Pagesmassive scope: â€Å"[Postmodernism] is now used to describe the visual arts, music, dance, film, theatre, philosophy, criticism, historiography, theology, and anything up-to-date in culture in general† (â€Å"Postmodernism†, 1993). It is a label given to a time period in which the abrupt influx of technology and ever-increasing cultural multiplicity must be met with new methods of representation. Under the banner of postmodernism a number of the most influential thinkers of the academic world have found innovativeRead MoreThomas Hardy Poems16083 Words   |  65 Pagesire unmerited; Half-eased, too, that a Powerfuller than I Had willed and meted me the tears I shed. But not so. How arrives it joy lies slain, And why unblooms the best hope ever sown? --Crass Casualty obstructs the sun and rain, And dicing Time for gladness casts a moan.... These purblind Doomsters had as readily strown Blisses about my pilgrimage as pain. HAP ANALYSIS Firstly the word hap means that which happens by chance. The poem is a sonnet, although it is presented as

Argument for Market Segmentation Free Essays

Market segmentation is the process of dividing the market according to similarities that exist among the various subgroups within the market. The similarities may be common characteristics, or common needs and desires. (All Business – Directory Of Business Terms 2011) Market segmentation has become an important function in the banking industry because of the existence of intense competition, not only within the industry but also from the likes of finance and insurance companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Argument for Market Segmentation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Banks deal with various types of customers e. g. , individuals, group of people, corporate entities, etc. ho all have their likes and dislikes. No bank can afford to assess the need of each and every individual customer separately. It is nearly impossible for banks to market all these categories of customers on a one-to-one basis, particularly if they simply rely on predictable socio-economic data like age and income as the base for dividing customers into segments. To overcome this problem, a bank must adopt a market segmentation strategy, which recognises the wisdom of specialising to suit the need of a segment of the market rather than trying to address the requirements of each and every customer separately. Spark Slide 43 highlights that ‘segmentation is needed because; you cannot be all things to all people’. Market segmentation enables more accurate and effective communication of benefits in relation to needs. Market segmentation would also help the bank or any organisation identify growth opportunities. ?Market of banking products can be segmented in a number of different ways. Market segmentation must have certain qualities that make it possible to specialise the marketing approaches. The segmentation must be measurable in terms of the criteria used for segmentation; accessible through the distribution system; and sizable in volume in order to generate the economy of operations. One of the rational ways of segmentation could be dividing the banking market into retail and wholesale market. With market segmentation a bank can gain a competitive edge by programming different marketing strategies for customers of different segments. It could be argued that a bank segments its market into more or less homogeneous groups, in terms of their needs and expectations from the banking industry. With out market segmentation, organisations do not fully understand their market, their competitors’ strategies, and their own customer and prospect base, meaning they are simply not equipped to compete effectively. Their attempts to attract customers will be fruitless, both because the propositions are not sufficiently targeted to be fully relevant to the majority of customers, but also because the communications and channel activities aimed at customer acquisition will lack focus and relevance. How to cite Argument for Market Segmentation, Essay examples

My Nyu Audition free essay sample

Im sitting in the waiting room of the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University. I have anticipated this for years my audition to get into this prestigious acting school. The sad part is that all this waiting and hoping is coming down to a 20-minute audition/ interview with one man judging me. And, of course, since Im ill at ease and my last name begins with R, Im the last to audition. Its absolutely terrifying.Finally he calls my name. Half of me is extremely excited and the other half wants to turn around and cry, but I know I have to do it, so I go in.I do my two contrasting monologues and then sit down for the interview. He asks me all kinds of questions: what kinds of books I read, what are my strong points and weaknesses and then, why acting? In these interviews, if you want to go to the school badly enough, youll tell them anything: your weight, your most embarrassing moment, even the stupid name your parents call you. We will write a custom essay sample on My Nyu Audition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So, I tell this man my silly story of why I want to act.Then he asks me one more question, Anything you want to ask me?I think for a minute, then reply, Critique me, tell me what you think my strong points and weaknesses are.After he gives me the run down of constructive criticisms, I probably look like I am about to cry. Then he says, Will you do it for me again? Now that you know what to improve? I want to see if you can take direction. Move around the chair, get loud and take it over the top.This request from the man who I was so scared of a half-hour ago was godsent. I have a second chance to prove myself. Its amazing! I do what he told me to, without hesitation. Afterwards, he nods his head and says, Thats what I wanted to see.After that, I thank him, shake his hand and leave. I feel really good about myself. He didnt give me any sign that I would get in, or anything like that, but I know I have done the absolute best I could and if they dont think that was good enough for thei r school, then fine. But I know I couldnt have done better myself. fl

Letter by Lin Tse

Introduction The letter by Lin Tse- hsu of China to Queen Victoria of Britain was written just before the Opium wars. This book, together with the works of other people, helps us a lot in understanding what happened. Many scholars have given their views regarding a letter to Queen Victoria of Britain by Lin Tse- hsu (Waley, 1958).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Letter by Lin Tse- Hsu specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The argument degenerates from whether the war was purposeful to Britain. Others note that it was the unexpected impact of industrialization while others believe that resulted to a war of disgrace to Britain. It is generally acceptable to say that the oldest empire and the most aggressive plain of the ninetieth century went into war. The latter of course emerged victorious. The Author The text is a letter written by Lin Tse- Hsu. He was commonly referred to as Commissioner Li. He was the Ch inese commissioner to Canton, who was promised promotion as a governor if China emerged victorious. Other sources indicate that he was actually the governor of Hope and Hunan. This was during the reigns of Qing Emperor Tao Kuang of Manchu Empire of China. The author had just gained popularity, but in some way, the war that was later named the Opium war led to both his temporary rise and eventual down fall. Some sources even indicate that he wrote an article while on his way to exile expressing his frustrations, but again insisting that there was no alternative option to evade the war. The central Argument The letter points out issues that were of great consequence to the international system at the time. To begin with, the letter was diplomatic due to the level of diplomacy that the Chinese empire had exhibited then. During Tao Kuang’s reign, opium importation to China by British and Dutch Merchants had reached its apex. The larger tea trade between the political leaders of t hese countries occasioned this trend. It had created a class of addicts and had therefore become a social problem. This had spread widely such that other sources indicate the Qing lost his mind due to over dosage At this level, the matter takes national importance. The authorities therefore discussed the necessary courses of actions. The text even says that Qing considered it his duty to protect his subjects. The letter stated that the British undertook some actions that made it a criminal offence to smoke opium. Other sources indicate that Qing brought up the matter discussion. There are those who proposed that it had to be legalized.Advertising Looking for critical writing on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They argued that its sell had to be permitted, but had to be controlled. The usage had to be controlled and the empire had to obtain taxes. Those opposed to it stood on moral grounds that if allowed to circulate, t he empire would end up without a population (Ssuyu, Fairbank, 1954). Lin Tse-Hsu led this group. He further argued that the empire would have a weak army for there would be no people fit enough to serve in the discipline forces. His confidence and the death of his son convinced Qing to oppose legalization. He was then tasked with the responsibility of putting to an end what had become a national disaster. It actually does not make sense to criminalize smoking of opium in Britain but allow its people to trade in the same internationally. Britain forced the Chinese empire to legalize it after the war. Correlation The article relates to global industrialization and imperialism. Other sources indicate that the letter was send to the Queen through a British friend of Li. The British Empire was on the rise and very aggressive. Imperialism is the creation and maintenance of unequal economic power based on subordination. It is therefore easy to say the letter was delivered to the generals of the British army. The Britons also wanted to dominate economically. The military strength of the British could not be compared to that of the Chinese. Whereas the British had sophisticated artillery, the Chinese army was untrained, amorphous, and lacked clear command. The difference in technological innovation also played a role References Ssuyu T., Fairbank, J. (1954). Cambridge China’s response to the West, Harvard: Harvard University press. Waley, A. (1958). The Opium War through Chinese Eyes. Stanford: Stanford University Press. This critical writing on Letter by Lin Tse- Hsu was written and submitted by user East0n to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Need for Effective Networking for Consultants

Need for Effective Networking for Consultants There is no guarantee that someone who networks will be successful in business. In fact, ninety-five percent of networking activities do not translate to any tangible benefits. However, people that succeed in business participate in networking events. The point here is that doing it does not guarantee it will work, but success relies on it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Need for Effective Networking for Consultants specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People who benefit from networking understand that networking is a lot more than just meeting people. They know that it takes effort and initiative to turn the networking event into a good use of time. The basic philosophy behind successful networking is that the events provide an individual with the opportunity to meet people with whom they can have mutual benefit. Effective networking is an essential skill for all consultants. The nature of consulting is such that prior contact adds to the odds of someone agreeing to hire a person. It is imperative to develop strong networking skills to succeed in business. Effective Networking Techniques A consultant has several options to choose from when it comes to the choice of networking techniques. The traditional models stressed on the need for carrying business cards to networking events. It is the easiest way of giving a new contact a way to make contact, but it is in itself not sufficient for effective results. There is the increasing use of blogs and websites as a means of interacting with potential clients. What blogs provide is the opportunity to come off as an expert in a field. This is the dream of every consultant hence the need to have some online presence. Many consultants also use social medial platforms such as tweeter and face book to meet new people. A time-tested method of successful networking is using the same methods that social coaches advocate for like maintaining eye contact when talk ing to someone, listening more than talking, and generally taking genuine interest other people. This makes a person appear sincere and friendly, one that you would want to do business with someday. One of the key things to remember is that the first meeting is never a sales meeting. As soon as people realize that you are trying to sell to them on the first meeting in an environment not meant for it, they do not leave with a good impression. In networking events, the point is to make positive contact, which may or may not lead to a direct business deal.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Networking Plan among Clients The first thing that the consultancy will do is to seek to establish itself as an expert status organization. This is the lifeline of all consultancies. The best way available for the company to do this is by opening and maintaining a blog, website, or bu lletin and using it to address general queries about the issues in its area of business. The quality of the posts determines the apparent success in creating the expert status impression. In networking events, it helps to draw out the people who show interest in the services of the company, or who seem to need the services without realizing it. This requires tact because one can easily come off as a show-off. The best way to do this is to talk about actual cases settled by the company and the results that came about. The third way that the company will ensure it makes the most out of its networking opportunities is by making the events memorable for the people that attend them. There are very many options available for this. They include issuing specials cards either as contact cards or as simply cards with memorable messages on them. If the cards stand out enough, then the person will always remember the meeting, which is the whole point of networking. Networking Plan among Peers I t is somewhat easier to network among peers because of the existing history. However, there is a chance that they will not be as easy to do business with because of the personal relationship shared in these situations. The line between professional and social engagements is simply too blurred. In order to network effectively with peers, it is imperative to maintain a professional demeanor at all times. Avoid giving unnecessary favors to your friends because those favors do not count as much towards business objectives. The next way to make the most out of networking opportunities is to practice reciprocity. Take time to refer clients to businesses near you and chances are they will refer the business to others clients. The truth is that there will be some unpleasant moments during networking. The main thing is that the expert should learn to let the unpleasant experiences go away. The final thing to bear in mind during networking events is that personal relationships, especially tho se that are intimate in nature ought to be with people we have known for a while and not new acquaintances. It is also important for clients to see that the consultant is not an excessive drinker. Personal life can have a big impact on networking capacity. Reference List Davis, I. M. (2005). The American Entrepreneur in Asia: A Personal Journey of Global Proportions. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Need for Effective Networking for Consultants specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mongay, J. (2011). Business and Investments in Asia. Madrid: ESIC Editorial.

Problem question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Problem question - Essay Example Jessica knows through other employees that a position will be open very soon but has been advised by Harrington that they ‘do not hire agency workers.’ Rachel has sought advice due to the fact that she is pregnant and considering employment options. She would like to know what her rights are to maternity leave and if there are any conditions allowing flexible scheduling before she applies for a position through Kent University as a part time accountant. It is very likely that Jessica is currently working under a ‘contract for service.’ This means that as an agency employee she is entitled to certain rights, those rights consisting of breaks during a work assignment, minimum wage, paid holidays, no unlawful deductions from pay (DirectGov), protection under the health and safety laws and freedom from discrimination in any manner. Jessica states that Nursebank has been bullying her and she would like to become employed four days a week directly with Harrington. Harrington does have an upcoming position but Jessica was told that they do not hire ‘agency workers.’ Jessica needs advice as to if this is against the discrimination policies that are legally in place. There are two factors here to consider and examine when reviewing Jessica’s complaints. The issue of Jessica’s bullying should first be explored. Bullying in the workplace can be described as being constantly picked on, ridiculed, humiliated, being overworked in comparison to other workers (Direct Gov), passed over for promotions and being threatened with dismissal. Jessica did not specify exactly how she is being bullied but these examples are not all-inclusive. Bullying is protected against through harassment and discrimination laws. Employers can be held liable for these behaviors through legal proceedings. It is important to advise Jessica that the first step she should take is to report the bullying. Review Nursebanks policies and procedures for deal ing with worker harassment and discrimination. It will become especially important that she has initially consulted and followed company procedure for reporting these actions should Jessica want to file a grievance against Nursebank. The ACAS statutory code of practice on grievance and discipline is issued under section 199 of the ‘Trade Union and Labor Relations Act of 1992’ (TSO). This sets out to establish guidelines for policy and procedure involved in grievances though the code does not necessarily need be followed exact but the employment tribunal will consider this code strongly in any cases brought up. Jessica should expect Nursebank to act promptly and consistently in investigating her complaints. Jessica has the right to be represented by her trade union, if she has one, or anyone she should use during any meetings or discussions or formal talks regarding her complaint. If the decision that the company makes in dealing with Jessica’s issue of being bull ied does not resolve the issue she can then proceed further and appeal the decision. Legal actions can be taken if there is no relief from the claim, though I would advise that Jessica ensure she has done everything possible with the grievance and appeal process so that should she need to file a suit against Nursebank she will have sufficient evidence that they have been negligent or libel. Mediation by a

Ups and downs of Jaguar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ups and downs of Jaguar - Essay Example In congestions, most people leave their vehicles on when stationery. This leads to the inefficient use of engines and is a waste of petrol or diesel, which as we all know, we cannot afford at the earth’s current environmental state. Waste of time and energy. Congestion is nothing but a waste of people’s time and energy. Whether they are travelling to and from work or for any other reason, it only tires and stresses everyone out. Wear and tear to roads. Due to the standstill traffic, Congestion causes a lot of wear and tear to the roads as opposed to if there is free flowing traffic. Damage to health. Congestion causes a lot of damage to people’s physical and mental health due to breathing in pollutants and being stressed out due to the congestion. (bized.co.uk) Jaguar also produces the Externality of pollution, which as discussed above, is a strain on people’s health as well as is supposed to be a cause of Global Warming. In our current state, we cannot af ford to cause any more damage to the earth. JAGUAR: The Production Process Jaguar has developed a complete vehicle recycling program, around design-for-recycling guidelines, increased use of recycled material, and reducing hazardous materials, as part of their production process. They have taken this measure, due increased environmental awareness and an attempt to reduce their carbon footprint. . By means of this program, car manufacturers and importers of new cars in the United Kingdom take back vehicles that they put on the market at the end of their life ensuring that they are treated in an environmentally responsible fashion. This reduces the impact of negative externalities on the nation. The De-pollution process: Jaguar is working hard to remove its negative externalities by going... The most obvious way for the Government to levy some sort of control over negative externalities such as pollution, is to set a limit for every production house with regards to how much they can pollute. Crossing over the set pollution limit will give them a fine. This will lead production houses to opt for more green or environmental friendly production machinery and invariably help in reducing the negative externalities. The government must also take care to help reduce externalities like congestion. To do this they must improve the country’s public transport system and encourage people to use it rather than all of them taking out their cars. Also, they must launch campaigns that encourage car pooling and such. These measures, though quite little can effectively help curb pollution and congestion. Effectiveness of Externality Control Jaguar has taken into account the negative externalities in terms of pollution and wastage and has taken steps to negate them to a certain extent. By undertaking the de-polluting process for cars that they have introduced, they are ensuring that they do something for the environment. Also, this shows a good step towards environmentalism and shows that as an organization, Jaguar is not just interested in making profits. The measures that they have taken seem to be effective and will guide the way to a better, greener way of living. Jaguar has grown from strength to strength and has moved from Britain to India, but they know what they are doing and how it will benefit them as well as the environment.

Personal Income Tax Administration In Nigeria Economics Essay

Personal Income Tax Administration In Nigeria Economics Essay The success achieved by Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) in meeting the targets set for its integrated tax offices nationwide is no doubt a challenge to its state counterparts (SBIRS). Personal income tax that is supposed to be paid by self employed individuals in Nigeria constitutes a major source of revenue accruable to various state government of the nation. Unfortunately, the correct assessment and collection of taxes from these groups of taxpayers remains a mirage due to myriad of factors. Prominent among these factors is the failure of majority to register with revenue authority as revealed in this study. This paper therefore recommends various strategies that can be adopted by government to bring into the tax net of the government numerous self employed persons in the society which can impact positively on increased revenue generation and the attendant quantity and quality of infrastructural facilities that can be provided by the government. Introduction Tax is defined as money that has to be paid to the government by the people according to their profits on goods and services provided. Chris and Elizabeth (2001) also defined taxes as a forced proportional contribution from persons and property levied by the state by virtue of its sovereignty for the support of government and for all public needs. Other definitions can also be gleaned from judicial precedents. In Matthew V. Chikory Marketing Board of Victoria Australia, Latham, C. J. defined tax as a compulsory exaction of money by a public authority for public purposes. Tax in this regard is seen as a means of raising money from the public by the government by means of contributions from individual persons. In the American case of United States V. Butler, Justice Robert defined tax in the general understanding of the term as exaction money from members of the society for the support of the government expenditure (Chris and Elizabeth 2001). In summation therefore, according to Chris and Elizabeth (2001) tax has three basic features namely; a compulsory levy imposed by government, or local authority, for public purpose and to encourage social justice. A tax according to Ayua (1996) is not a voluntary payment but a compulsory pecuniary burden placed on taxpayers for the benefit of the society. Generally, taxation can be described as a form of levy imposed on all residents living and non-residents doing business within a tax jurisdiction. It is a civic and patriotic responsibility of citizens to pay taxes imposed which also come to the government as income or revenue yielding device to finance the provisions of socio-economic and infrastructural amenities and also to enhance industrial efficiency. The aim of this paper is to look into various constraints faced by tax authorities in assessing and collecting taxes from self-employed taxpayers and proffering solutions as regards strategies to be adopted by revenue authorities for expanding the Nigerian tax net to improve tax collection drive covering the self-employed. Review of related literature Under the review of literature the history of taxation in Nigeria, the objectives of taxation and the use of taxation as an instrument of economic regulation or control have been treated. 2.1 The history of taxation in Nigeria The history of taxation in Nigeria dates back to the pre-colonial period. According to Lekan and Sunday (2006) before the colonization of the different entities which were later amalgamated under the name Nigeria, there were different systems of taxation existing in the form of compulsory services, contribution of goods, money, labour and so on amongst the various kingdoms, groups and tribes controlled by the Obas, Emirs, Ezes, Attah of Igala, Tor Tiv, Ohinoyi of Ebira and so on in order to sustain the monarchs. The various taxes levied by the different ethnic groups by the kings according to Ola (2004) took several forms such as Zakkat levied on Moslems for educational, charitable and religious purposes, kudin-kasa, a form of an agricultural tax levied on utilization of land, shuka-shuka levied on the ownership of cattle based on the member of cattle, Ishakiloe- contribution of farm products as a form of land tax in exchange for the use of land for agricultural purposes payable to Obas, chiefs and family community heads, community tax payable by all adults in order to execute projects beneficial to the community; Oko-ane payable to Attah Igala for hunting in a particular forest, Osusu Imachi-Nkwu payable to Ezes in Igbo land by those who harvest palm fruits and are expected to contribute proportion of the harvested palm oil. In Tivland in Benue state certain taxes are paid by couples during marriage ceremonies which are used for various community development projects. The present form of taxation in Nigeria could be traced to the establishment of a British colony in Lagos on August 6, 1861 and subsequent amalgamation of the Southern and Northern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914. During the colonial era according to Yerokun (1997), the imposition of any type of tax on citizens (individuals and corporate) took the form of promulgation of laws by the colonial authority. Examples of such law include Native Law ordinance cap 74 of 1917 applicable to Western Nigeria. The re-enactment of the same law in 1929 according to Ola (2004) which for the first time imposed taxes on women resulted in the Aba women riot of 1929. Another law was that of non-natives protectorates tax ordinance of 1931. The ordinance was later repealed and incorporated into the taxation ordinance No. 4 of 1940 and subsequently re-enacted as the Income Tax Ordinance (ITO) 1943. The above tax laws according to Yerokun (1997) were administered on individuals and corporate entities by various tax and revenue officers in the different provinces and regions. In order to promote uniformity in the incidence of taxation throughout the geographical entity called Nigeria according to Lekan and Sunday (2006), the colonial government in 1958 set up the Raisman Commission. The commission at the end of its work recommended the introduction of uniform basic income tax principles for application in all regions of Nigeria. This recommendation was accepted by the government which incorporated the same into the 1960 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This led to the promulgation of the Income Tax Management Act (ITMA) 1961 and Companies Income Tax Act (CITA) 1961. The taxation of individuals as opposed to companies is governed by the ITMA 1961, the main purpose according to Ariwodola (2000) is to regulate the imposition of personal income tax throughout the Federation so that internal double taxation of incomes by the Federal Government and State Government will be avoided. The Act sets up a Joint Tax Board (JTB) which is charged with the responsibility of determining technical and other issues in which interests of those Government might otherwise be in conflict. Each government has sole Jurisdiction to impose personal income tax on individuals resident or deemed to be resident in its territory and the 1961 Act does not seek to encroach upon the right of each government to decide upon the appropriate level of taxation of those individual who under the provisions of the Act, fall within its jurisdiction. The ITMA determines such questions as to what is taxable income, what deductions may be allowed against gross income to arrive at the taxable income and the period over which assessable income is to be determined. The above legislations (ITMA and CITA) 1961 were later repealed and re-enacted as the Personal Income Tax Act (PITA) 1993, and the Companies Income Tax Act CAP 60 LFN, 1990 respectively. As a result of the work of the Tax Laws Review Commission, these laws have been reviewed and updated and are included in the laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 2004. The current law that governs the administering of Personal Income Tax (PIT) is the Personal Income Tax Act Cap. P8 LFN 204 which imposes tax on incomes of individuals and corporations. 2.2 Objectives of Taxation Tax is generally regarded as a pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or persons or property to support the government and it is a payment exacted by legislative authority. Tax according to Nightingale (2000) under any jurisdiction is discriminatory in the sense that it is assessed on persons or property based on profits/incomes or gain, the benefit derived by citizens from tax payment is without reference to the contribution of individual tax payers. In line with this therefore, according to Ariwodola (2005) it is accurate to say that the primary objective and purpose of taxation in most nations of the world is essentially to generate revenue for government expenditure on social welfare such as provision of defense, law and order, health services and education. Revenue from taxation can also be spent on capital projects otherwise called consumer expenditure, creating social and economic infrastructure which will improve the social life of the people. Quite apart from this primary purpose, taxation as the most potential source of revenue to government of any nation has played very prominent roles as an instrument of governments economic, social and fiscal policy. Other major objective of taxation in any economy of a nation are as follows: The use of taxation as an instrument of economic regulation or control: For the purpose of discouraging certain forms of anti-social behaviour in the society. Taxation according to Musgrave and Musgrave (1984) can be extensively used in regulating the consumption pattern resulting in economic stabilization. Anti-social behaviour such as drinking of alcohol, smoking and pool betting can be controlled by imposition of higher taxes on production of such goods. Investment promotion: The resource allocation dimension of taxation policy is its role in promoting investment as a critical measure of ensuring a healthy economy through creation of new wealth. In Nigeria, government sometimes introduces tax incentives and attractive tax exemptions as an instrument to woo and induce local and foreign investors in areas such as manufacturing of goods, export processing, oil and gas and utilities, which are critical and necessary for the economic development and growth of the nation. Income and wealth distribution: The use of transfer payments and benefits to those members of the society who are less well off according to Musgrave and Musgrave (1980) is to promote social equality. Taxation as a mechanism for income and wealth distribution holds that the burden of taxation should be heavier for the rich in the society than for the poor so that taxes collected are used to pay for social services for the less fortunate. Harmonization: Harmonization according to Lekan and Sunday (2006) is said to be the modern objective of Economic community of West African States (ECOWAS). The idea of a single market in ECOWAS member nations is to provide for the free movement of goods/services, capital and people between member states. The philosophy behind this single market therefore suggests that these tax systems of member states should be harmonized. Generally, according to Ola (2004) taxation is a powerful and potential fiscal stabilizer employed by government of nations to plan development policies. It is a device according to Nightingale (2004) to induce economic development and favourable balance of payments. 3. Method The study employed a survey design and data was collected from the Adamawa State Board of Internal Revenue and using convenient sampling, 90 self employed persons in Jimeta-Yola metropolis in Adamawa State were interviewed. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics made up of simple percentages. 4. Discussion Self-employed tax payers are unincorporated individuals or body of individuals engaged in their own businesses either as sole traders or in partnerships. Such persons include individual contractors, traders, professionals, consultants, market women, artisans and all other entities that are not liable to tax under the Companies Income Tax Act (CITA), but under the Personal Income Tax Act (PITA). This means such persons are taxable on income accruing to them personally. In the study conducted among the self-employed in Jimeta-Yola metropolis in Adamawa State, it was discovered that just very few individuals registered with the state Board of Internal Revenue (SBIR) for 2010 and 2011 tax year as indicated in the table below. Table 1: Rate of Registration of Self-Employed Persons with Tax Authority (Adamawa State Board of Internal Revenue) 2010 2011 2010 2011 Self-Employed Group Registered Unregistered Total Registered Unregistered Total 1 14 15 2 13 15 Electricians 15 15 15 15 Mechanics 2 13 15 4 11 15 Painters 3 12 15 5 10 15 Vulcanizers 1 14 15 15 15 Welders 15 15 15 15 07 83 90 11 79 90 Source: Field Survey, 2011. Out of 90 self-employed groups interviewed in Jimeta-Yola metropolis regarding whether they have registered with Adamawa State Board of internal revenue for the purpose of paying tax on their income for 2010 and 2012 Assessment year, only 7 of them in 2010 indicated that they have registered representing about 12.2% registered with the State Board of Internal Revenue (SBIR) while the remaining 87.8% failed to register. The above scenario is likely to be a total reflection of what is happening through out the entire country, where there is wide trend of tax aversion by the self-employed group in the country. Given a whole gamut of self-employed persons in the society as enumerated above, a huge amount of revenue can be generated by various state tax authorities if self-employed individuals are properly brought into the tax net of the government. It is the requirement of the law PITA Cap P8 LFN 2004 that all self-employed tax payers are required to file self-assessment tax returns with their respective relevant state tax authorities every year within 90 days of the commencement of a new tax year. Such tax return is expected to disclose transactions relating to the individuals income for the year. Unfortunately according to Ariwodola (2000) a large sum of money by way of revenue that suppose to have been generated from these group of tax payers (self-employed) by the government remain uncollected year in year out due to the following factors. Lack of Taxpayers Data/Information: There is no detailed information on or database for the self-employed in Nigeria, thus bringing them into the tax net is different. This is a very serious problem in personal taxation as it often difficult most a times to determine the residence of individuals which is vital for the purpose of identifying the relevant tax authority of a tax payer. A lot of time is often spent in residence determination especially where there is dispute between two or more tax authorities leading to loss of revenue that would have accrued. Inefficient Utilization Tax Revenue: There is a general apathy to voluntary compliance with the provisions of the tax laws because of the level of decay in basic infrastructure such as light, water and good roads. This problem has always called to question the need for continued payment of tax in Nigeria. Lack of Experienced and Qualified Personnel: Most tax officers lack the requisite experience and knowledge of the tax laws required to appropriately assess the self-employed to tax. Inadequate Penalties/Absence of Enforcement: In Nigeria, the penalties for non-compliance with relevant tax provisions are too lenient to compel the self-employed to pay tax. There is also a general lack of enforcement of existing penalties. Inadequate Records: Most self-employed persons do not maintain adequate records of their income and expenditure. In most cases, they mix their business activities with their private affairs thus making it difficult to determine the income taxable. Lack of Public Enlightenment: Most of the self-employed tax payers do not know what tax to pay, when to pay, who to pay to, where to pay and what relief and allowance they are entitled to. Government is faulted here because a good tax system should be certain and easy to administer. It is the responsibility of government at all levels to educate the public on their responsibility with respect to tax at all times. Level of Corruption: Some tax officials collude with would be tax payers to defraud the government of her taxes. A large chunk of revenue that is suppose to come into government coffers ended up in private pockets compounding problems of governments inability to provide the basic infrastructure needed for the orderly development of the society. Level of Poverty: This is directly linked to the problem highlighted above. Several self-employed persons are struggling to survive due to the unconducive operating environment. The society according to Ariwodola (2000) has been impoverished by the elite so much that paying tax will further deepen the level of poverty among the low income earners. Over-Dependence on Oil Revenue: For a very long time now, Nigeria has been depending on revenue from oil. The discovery of oil and very huge revenue accruing from it according to Yerokun (1997) has led to the neglect of all other non-oil revenue yielding sources to the government. Having enumerated the constraints/challenges facing the tax authorities in assessing and collection of taxes from self-employed tax payers in our society, there is however prospects for improved revenue generation from these group of persons if certain strategies are evolved. Strategies for Expanding the Nigerian Tax Net to Improve Tax Collections Drive Covering the Self-Employed: Public Enlightenment and Education: Revenue authority should embark on aggressive public enlightenment and education of tax payers on the various taxes payable by all self-employed individuals in the society. Revenue authority in various states should endeavour to equip their staff to enable them carry out this duty. Requirement for Presentation of Tax Clearance Certificate (TCC): By providing and insisting the TCC be produced by individuals for any form of transaction with government, more self-employed persons will be compelled to pay their taxes. Stiffer Penalties for Non-Compliance: If the consequences of failure to comply with any of the provisions of the tax laws are made stiffer, more tax payers will be willing to comply with little or no stress on the part of the revenue authorities. Encouragement of Cooperative Unions: By encouraging artisans in particular to form associations through which government can reach their members, improvement in tax generation from this category of self-employed persons can be achieved. Similarly, all other category of self-employed individuals are encouraged to form unions in their respective localities. They can always hold government accountable for non provision of infrastructure necessary for their operation through their respective unions and they will be heard only and if only they can live up to their own civic responsibility by paying their taxes promptly. Effective Utilization of Tax Revenue: Improvement in the level of basic infrastructural facilities will encourage voluntary compliance with the provisions of the tax laws as they will show that the Revenue is being utilized effectively. In Nigeria today, it is no news that the level of decay in basic infrastructure is alarming. If government effectively utilizes tax revenue for the provision of infrastructure, the citizenry will be motivated to pay taxes . Promulgation of Anti-Avoidance Provision: Making provisions to block the several loopholes in the tax laws will enhance further compliance with the tax laws and increase tax revenue. The two possible forms of anti-avoidance legislation are specific legislation to block voluntary avoidance device and general anti-avoidance legislation which vests the revenue authority with power to disregard all transactions entered into that could be proved to have been entered into solely for tax avoidance purposes. Empowerment of Investigation and Intelligence Unit: The investigation and intelligence unit of the Revenue authorities should be empowered and made vibrant and effective. It is the responsibility of this unit to trace self-employed persons in the society who have not been paying their taxes. This can be done by going through the Land Registry and Vehicle licensing offices. Information about the self employed can also be obtained from banks by requiring banks to file returns of all their new customers with the Revenue authorities. Engagement of Experienced and Qualified Personnel: Employing qualified personnel and paying competitive remuneration will further enhance dedication to duty which will impact positively on increased revenue generation especially from the self-employed personal where the rate of tax evasion is high. Regular Amendment to the Tax/Laws: The tax laws should be regularly up-dated and provision should be such that are reasonable and easy to comply with. It is known according to Yerokun (1997) that the existence of wide spread tax avoidance and evasion is in any society is an evidence that the tax system requires a radical reform. 5. Conclusion Generally, taxation is a monetary charge imposed by government on her citizens to yield revenue for her numerous statutory responsibilities to the people. It is also civic and patriotic responsibility of the citizens to pay taxes as at when due which is a means by which government can finance the provisions of socio-economic and infrastructural amenities for the orderly development and growth of the society. Reduction of the high rate of tax evasion by the self-employed individual in Nigeria and the resultant high revenue that can be generated there from requires a conscious efforts and definite roles to be played by both the government and the governed.

Roger and Me

The movie â€Å"Roger and me† by Michael Moore is a documentary about Roger Smith's takeover of General Motors in the late 1980's. Moore documents the transition from prosperity to poverty in the city of Flint, Michigan. There are three different angles from which to look at the situation in Flint. These three different angles are a conflict theorist’s view, a functional analysis’ view, and a symbolic interactionist's view. The first view, conflict theory, is looking at who has the power, how they're using this power, and who they're exploiting with it. A conflict theorist would view the situation as Roger Smith using his power to ruin Flint, Michigan. Smith became the CEO of General Motors and started making massive changes immediately. He started by laying off thousands of auto workers at the Flint, Michigan auto plants so that GM could make new plants in Mexico, even though GM was making record profits. The auto workers were devastated and although they strived to better themselves and get new jobs, there were none available. Secondly, the functionalist's view can be applied to this situation. A functional analyst's view is a pretty broad one that consists of looking at the big picture and how everything works or doesn't work together. Functionalists would say that it was a necessary step for GM to close its plants in Flint because it will bring in more profits and allow the company to grow larger. Having cheaper labor in Mexico will lower the prices of new cars too. On the other hand, GM is being dysfunctional by closing the plants since that is where most of the citizens of Flint work. With so many people unemployed, the economy of Flint became horrible. No one bought anything so stores went out of business, creating even more unemployment. The final view if that of the social interactionist's. Throughout the movie, Roger Smith is portrayed as an evil figure. Everyone that Moore interviews view General Motors and Smith as the devil. Flint, Michigan is viewed as dying town that isn't worth anything anymore. Celebrities such as Robert Schuller, Pat Boone, Anita Bryant and Bob Eubanks all come to Flint in an attempt to raise the citizens’ spirits. Robert Schuller looks like a savior when he comes with motivational ideas to preach to the towns unemployed and tell them what they should do. Bob Eubanks, who is seen as the guy who made it out of Flint and became famous, comes and has a live newlywed game to cheer everyone up. Even the President of the United States comes to talk to some of Flint's citizens, but he doesn't have much to offer other than a free lunch. To bring it all together, Michael Moore did a very good job at documenting the reactions of everyone involved from the workers to the CEO of the company. Conflict theory, functional theory, and social interaction are the three important views that can be applied to the â€Å"Roger and Me† film. Looking at all three views together is essential to seeing the whole story and how everyone involved feels about it.

Challenging Obstacle

Ray Pyle November 18, 2012 Essay #5 College Entry Essay 9:40-Sect. 46; 11:10-Sect. 69 Most Challenging Obstacle: The Death of My Father Most people would say that high school and resisting peer pressure would be the most difficult task that they have ever faced. Well the most challenging obstacle that I had to overcome was the death of my father. My life was turned upside down when it all happened. It greatly impacted me on a physical and mental level. Luckily this challenge taught me to cherish life. It even brought me closer to God and to understand that he has a plan for all of us.It pushed me to become more determined and motivated in any activity I partake in. Our family is much closer now then we were before. His death opened my eyes and my mind to accept the idea that you must live life to the fullest. Not only did it teach me to live life but it showed me how to be confident, strong, respectable to everyone and everything, and how to appreciate the little things in life. This would definitely be the hardest obstacle that I ever had to face in my life. Ever since that faithful day my views on life have changed dramatically. Now I have become more an optimistic individual.Yes, I am more optimistic because now I see the true beauty of the world that I always overlooked. When I see pictures of nature it releases a feeling of sanctity or even solace. I don’t take life for granted anymore, now I strongly believe that every life is precious even the pesky bugs. His leaving revealed that instead of rushing life I should stop every once in a while and take a gander at nature. Like a moment to soak it all in and embrace the true beauty that so much people fail to see. Now I live in the moment instead of worrying what the future brings.This ordeal has brought me a lot more near to God. In my prayers I learned that God needed him and that my father had fulfilled his purpose. I know it sound cliche but it is the truth and no one can tell me differently. Inste ad of resorting to drug I turned to God and he helped me through the pain. In a way God has taken the role of a fatherly figure and I am grateful. I go to church more often and I feel more alive and refreshed. This trial has shown me the love that God has to offer and how he will take care of you when your love ones are gone.God has become an important factor in my life after my dad died. My determination is at the highest point it could be. I have this motivation to strive to become the best I can. I do these things to make my father proud and to honor his legacy. To be honest, if my father was alive today I wouldn’t have fathom the idea of taking Advanced Placement courses. I would have relied on my dad to do everything for me including finding and paying for my college. Now I can proudly say that with this newfound determination I can succeed on my own.For once in my life I am actually studying and pushing myself to the limit on how much I can learn and retain. I was able to turn such a negative situation into a positive by using it to fuel my dreams. When all was finished this traumatic event created a feeling of togetherness. Our family became tighter and closer together. Now we set up family nights where it would either be Mexican night meaning we make Mexican dishes or game night where we battle it out on the Wii. On certain Saturday’s we all would go out to any restaurant mostly Chili’s and sit-down and talk about how our week was.In a sense we come together and evaluate our week and sometimes we even reminisce about him. It is better to remember the good times than to remember what happened that cold December night. His death brought our family together and taught individual to enjoy the times we have left on Earth because you never know when it is your time. The experience I gained was how to be confident in everything I do. I learned how to be strong in times of great distress. I now have the utmost respect for every living thin g. Also, his death allowed me to see how important life is and how we must make the most of it.You always live like it is you last day and always be willing to aid those in need. My father passing away gave me lesson that I hope to pass onto my children. Seeing my father go would have to be the hardest thing that I ever had to overcome. Thanks to God I am standing here stronger than ever. Instead of using this as an excuse I am using this as fuel to empower me. This situation has impacted me physical and mental but I won’t ever let it hold me down. In my heart I know that my father will never accept less so I will aim for the highest peak and ride it out to the end.

Scientific Hypothesis Examples

A hypothesis is an educated guess about what you think will happen in a scientific experiment, based on your observations. Before conducting the experiment, you propose a hypothesis so that you can determine if your prediction is supported. There are several ways you can state a hypothesis, but the best hypotheses are ones you can test and easily refute. Why would you want to disprove or discard your own hypothesis? Well, it is the easiest way to demonstrate that two factors are related. Here are some good scientific hypothesis examples: Scientific Hypothesis Examples Hypothesis: All forks have three tines. This would be disproven if you find any fork with a different number of tines.Hypothesis: There is no relationship between smoking and lung cancer. While it is difficult to establish cause and effect in health issues, you can apply statistics to data to discredit or support this hypothesis.Hypothesis: Plants require liquid water to survive. This would be disproven if you find a plant that doesnt need it.Hypothesis: Cats do not show a paw preference (equivalent to being right- or left-handed). You could gather data around the number of times cats bat at a toy with either paw and analyze the data to determine whether cats, on the whole, favor one paw over the other. Be careful here, because individual cats, like people, might (or might not) express a preference. A large sample size would be helpful.Hypothesis: If plants are watered with a 10% detergent solution, their growth will be negatively affected. Some people prefer to state a hypothesis in an If, then format. An alternate hypothesis might be: Plant growth will be unaffected by water with a 10% detergent solution.